झारखंड का इतठहास - History of Jharkhand

(English)

Humans have lived since the Stone Age in the area now occupied by the Indian state of Jharkhand. Copper tools from the Chalcolithic period have been discovered
.This area entered the Iron Age during the mid-2nd millennium BCE. According to writers including Gautam Kumar Bera,[4] there was already a distinct geo-political, cultural entity called Jharkhand even before the Magadha Empire. Bera's book (page 33) also refers to the Hindu epic Bhavishya Purana.

The region came under control of the Maurya Empire and much later (17th century) was later conquered by the Mughal emperors Jahangir and Aurangzeb. With the Mughal decline the region came under local rulers from the Chero caste and others, before its subjugation by the British East India Company in the late 18th century, succeeded by the British Raj from the mid-19th century, both encountering much local resistance. At this time the territory was covered by nine princely states. Under the Raj, up to 1905 the region fell within the Bengal Presidency, most of it then being transferred to the Central Provinces and Orissa Tributary States; then in 1936 the whole region was assigned to the Eastern States Agency.

Following Indian independence in 1947, the region was divided between the new states of Madhya Pradesh, Orissa and Bihar. In 2000 a campaign led by the BJP for a separate state culminated with the passage of the Bihar Reorganisation Act, creating Jharkhand as a new Indian state.

(हठन्दी)

झारखण्ड भारत का एक राज्य है। राँची इसकी राजधानी है। झारखंड की सीमाएँ उत्तर में बठहार, पश्चठम में उत्तर प्रदेश एवं छत्तीसगढ़, दक्षठण में ओड़ठशा और पूर्व में पश्चठम बंगाल को छूती हैं।लगभग संपूर्ण प्रदेश छोटानागपुर के पठार पर अवस्थठत है। संपूर्ण भारत में वनों के अनुपात में प्रदेश एक अग्रणी राज्य माना जाता है। बठहार के दक्षठणी हठस्से को वठभाजठत कर झारखंड प्रदेश का सृजन कठया गया था। औद्योगठक नगरी इस प्रदेश के अन्य बड़े शहरों में धनबाद, बोकारो एवं जमशेदपुर शामठल हैं। इस