great barrier reef wallpaper

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the great barrier reef lies off the northeastern coast of australia and is the largest structure ever made by living organisms including human beings, consisting of the skeletons of tiny coral polyps and hydrocorals bounded together by the soft remains of coral line algae and microorganisms. the reef is the product of over 350 species of coral and red and green algae. the number of coral species in the northern section of the reef exceeds the number (65) of coral species found in the entire atlantic ocean. polyps are the live organisms inside the coral, and most are less than 0.3 in (8 mm) in diameter. they feed at night by extending frond-like fingers to wave zooplankton toward their mouths. in 1981, marine biologists discovered that the coral polyps spawn at the same time on one or two nights in november. their eggs and sperm form an orange and pink cloud that coats hundreds of square miles of the ocean surface. as the polyps attach to the reef, they secrete lime around themselves to build secure turrets or cups that protect the living organisms. the daisy- or feather-like polyps leave limestone skeletons when they die. the creation of a 1 in (2.5 cm) thick layer of coral takes five years. animal life forms flourish on and along the reef, but plants are rare.

the great barrier reef has a distinctive purple fringe that is made of the coral line or encrusting algae lithothamnion (also called stony seaweed), and the green algae halimeda discodea that has a creeping form and excretes lime.