History of South Africa

History of South Africa (English)

The first humans are believed to have inhabited South Africa more than 100,000 years ago. The historical record of this ethnically diverse country is generally divided into five distinct periods: the pre-colonial era, the colonial era, the post-colonial and apartheid era, and the post-apartheid era. Much of this history, particularly of the colonial and post-colonial eras, is characterised by clashes of culture, violent territorial disputes between European settlers and indigenous people, dispossession and repression, and other racial and political tensions.

Imbali yoMzantsi Afrika (IsiXhosa)

UMzantsi Afrika, ngokusesikweni ubizwa ngokuba yirhiphabhlikhi yaseMzantsi Afrika (RSA), lilizwe elibuthume kwincakami yeAfrika. Ubukhulu bawo buziikhilomitha ezingama-2,798 kunxweme olunwebela lunxusa umzantsi wolwandle iAtlantika kunye nolwandle iIndiya. [1][2][3] Emantla nango ethe natya amazwe asebumelwaneni anjengeNamibia, iBotswana kunye neZimbabwe; ukuya empuma yiMozambique kunye naseSwazini; phakathi kwala mazwe kukho ilizwe laseLuSuthu, ingingqi engqongwe ziziphaluka zasemZantsi Afrika. [4] UmZantsi Afrika lilizwe elikhulu kakhulu kangangokuba libambe indawo yama-25 ngobukhulu bomhlaba kwihlabathi lonke jikelele, kwaye phantse zizigidi ezingama-53 zoluntu, lilizwe elibambe indawo yama-25 ukuba lelona lizwe laziwayo.

UmZantsi Afrika sisizwe leentlanga-ngeentlanga elididiyelwe ngamasiko ngamasiko, ngeelwimi-ngeelwimi, nangeenkolo-ngeenkolo. Njengelizwe elingunozala weentlanga-ngeentlanga, oku kubonakala kakhulu xa umgaqo siseko ukwamkela ngokungazenzisiyo ummiselo wokusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezili-11 nje ngeelwimi ezisemthethweni kwiinkonzo zaseburhulumenteni, nekuzezona zinenani eliphakamileyo kunawo onke amazwe emhlabeni. Ezimbini kwezi lwimi imvelaphi yazo iseYurophu: isiNgesi nesiBhulu, isiBhulu lisiDatshi olusetyenziswa njengolwimi lweenkobe luninzi lwabamhlophe kunye nabebala kweli laseMzantsi Afrika. Nangona isiNgesi ilulwimi olusetyenziswa imihla-ngemihla kwiinkonzo zikawonke-wonke nakwiintengiso, lulwimi lwesine olusetyenziswa njengolwimi lweenkobe.[3] [9]


Umlando waseNingizimu Afrika (IsiZulu)

iNingizimu Afrika iyizwe elisezansi ezwenikazi lase-Afrika, yaziwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi iRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika. Ihlanganiswa amakhilomitha ayizi-2,798 agudle usebe lolwandle okuyi iNdiyeni kanye ne-Atlanthiki. Amazwe angomakhelwane ahlanganisa iNamibhiya, iBotswana, iZimbabwe, Mozambiki kanye neSwazi; iLesotho iyizwe elincane elizungezwe iNingizimu Afrika. Umongameli waseNingizimu Afrika nguMnz. Matamela Cyril Ramaphosa.[8]

uMzansi unesikhundla weholo "phakathi-phezulu" ngokwaBhange Womhlaba, noButswana, noGaboni noMorishisi).[9] Unomnotho omkhulu eAfrika, amashumi amabili nesishiyagalombili eMhlaba.[10] Ucezu lwesine wenani labantu abasebenzi.[11] Banemali okuncane kuna US $1.25 kosuku.[12]